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Web Harmonium

Three useful registers

Mandra, Madhya, and Taar Saptak

Recognise lower, middle, and upper octave registers without confusing register with a different swara.

Key map & tutorial help
Keys + touch

Z stops keys

On mobile, swipe the keys sideways and tap to play. Labels show the sounding pitch.

Guided practice

Sa · Pa · Sa

Listen for the rhythm, then follow the glowing key. Practice checks note order and octave at your pace.

ESa1 beatUPa1 beatPSa′1 beatUPa1 beatESa1 beatReady
My song keys · Write, play and download

Capture the keys you play, or type a short phrase from your own notes. Each captured note starts at 1 beat. Use E:2 for a held key and _ for a rest. Touch-only notes use Western names, such as C6:2. Up to 48 notes per phrase.

Your notes stay on this device. Copying a phrase link includes those notes for its recipient.

A gentle first round

Keep the drone low. Match one note before adding speed.

Today’s target

Three clean repetitions are better than one rushed run.

The relationships repeat

Moving from one Sa to the next doubles frequency in equal-tempered browser audio. The Sargam sequence begins again, while notation marks the lower or upper register.

Notation marks register

Bhatkhande-style notation commonly uses a dot below for mandra and a dot above for taar. Plain letters indicate the middle register.

Range should remain comfortable

Register exercises are not a contest. Sing only where tone and breath stay unforced, especially when approaching upper Sa.

Beginner practice

  1. Play lower Sa, middle Sa, and upper Sa.
  2. Sing only the two comfortable positions.
  3. Practise Pa–upper Sa–Pa before a full three-register phrase.

Common mistakes

  • Calling upper Sa a different swara.
  • Forcing taar notes at high volume.
  • Losing the drone reference while moving registers.

Sources and editorial note

This page was prepared from the references below and checked against the interactive tools. Instrument designs and teaching lineages vary; corrections with a source are welcome.

Editorial and interactive check completed · Specialist teacher review not recorded · Updated 25 August 2026